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One of the biggest challenges in keeping unsafe aging drivers off the road is
convincing them that it's time to turn over the keys."It's a complete life-changer"when
someone stops-or is forced to stop-driving,said Anne M.Menke,a former risk
manager for the Ophthalmic Mutual Insurance Co.Part of the problem in keeping older drivers safe is that the difficulties are
addressed piecemeal by different professions with different focuses,including
gerontologists,highway administration officials,automotive engineers and others,said
Elizabeth Dugan,an associate professor of gerontology at the University of
Massachusetts.“There's not a National Institute of Older Driver Studies,"she said."We
need better evidence on what makes drivers unsafe"and what can help,said Dugan,who has written extensively about healthy aging for Consumer Reports and other
organisations.One thing that does seem to work is requiring drivers to report in person for
license renewal.Mandatory in-person renewal was associated with a 31 percent
reduction in fatal crashes involving drivers 85 or older.according to one study.Passing
vision tests also produced a similar decline in fatal crashes for those drivers,although
there appeared to be no benefit from combining the two.Many older drivers don't see eye doctors or can't afford to.Primary care providers
have their hands full and may not be able to follow through with patients who have
trouble driving because they can't turn their heads or remember where they are going-or have gotten shorter and haven't changed their seat settings sufficiently to reach car
pedals easily.As long as there are other cars on the roads,self-driving cars won't solve the
problems of crashes,said Dugan.Avoiding dangers posed by all those human drivers
would require too many algorithms,she said.But we need to do more to improve
safety,said Dugan."If we're going to have 100-year lives,we need cars that a
90-year-old can drive comfortably."31.According to Paragraph 1,keeping unsafe aging drivers off the road.A.is a new safety measure
B.has become a disputed issue
C.can be a tough task to complete
D.will be beneficial to their health
正確答案:C
32.The American medical associations advice
A.has won support from drivers
B.is generally considered unrealistic
C.is wide dismissed as unnecessary
D.has met with different responses
正確答案:D
33.According to Dugan,efforts to keep older drivers safe _________.A.have brought about big changes
B.need to be well coordinated
C.have gained public concern
D.call for relevant legal support
正確答案:B
34.Some older drivers have trouble driving because they tend to ___________.
A.stick with bad driving habits
B.have a weakened memory
C.suffer from chronic pains
D.neglect car maintenance
正確答案:B
35.Dugan thinks that the solution to the problems of crashes may lie in ___________.A.upgrading self-driving vehicle
B.developing senior-friendly cars
C.renovating transport facilities
D.adjusting the age limit for drivers
正確答案:B