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  3.3 Analysis of costs into fixed and variable elements:
  High-low method
  Step 1 – select the highest and lowest activity levels, and their associated costs
  Step 2 – find the variable cost per unit
  Step 3 – find the fixed cost by substitution, using either the high or low activity level.
  Example 1:
  Using high-low method to calculate the fixed and variable elements of the following costs:
  Month Units produced Costs ($)
  July 340 2,260
  August 300 2,160
  September 380 2,320
  October 420 2,400
  November 400 2,300
  December 360 2,266
  Solution:
  Step 1- Select the highest and lowest activity levels, and their associated costs
  Month Units produced Cost ($)
  Lowest activity level: 12750 83585- 4700
  Variable cost = (83585-4700 – 73950)/ (15100- 12750) = $2.1/unit
  Fixed cost exceeds 14500 units = 83585 - $2.1 x 15100 = $51,875
  Total cost for 14500 units = $51,875 + $2.1 x 14500 units = $82,325
  High –low method with changes in the variable cost per unit
  D. Administrative overheads
  A company employs four supervisors to oversee the factory production of all its products. How would the salaries paid to these supervisors be classified?
  A. As a direct labour cost
  B. As a direct production expense
  C. As a production overhead
  D. As an administration overhead
  Solution:
  The supervisors are engaged in the production activity, therefore option D can be eliminated. They supervise the production of all products, therefore their salaries are indirect costs because they cannot be specifically identified with a cost unit. This eliminates options A and B. The salaries are indirect production overhead costs, therefore option C is correct.
  小編寄語:奮斗沒有終點,任何時候都是一個起點。
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