考研英語翻譯方法有很多種,如何提高考研英語翻譯成績呢?掌握學習技巧是非常重要的,今天上海高頓考研網(wǎng)來和大家分享一下考研英語翻譯的技巧——語態(tài)變換法(The change of the voices)。希望對大家的英語翻譯有一定幫助。
考研英語翻譯技巧
這里所說的語態(tài)是指主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài),這兩種語態(tài)在英漢兩種語言中的使用情況是很不相同的,被動語態(tài)的使用是科技文章的主要特點之一,其用法十分廣泛。在漢語中,我們可用“被、讓、把、遭、換、使、由、受到,為……所”等詞來表示被動。但在漢語中的被動語態(tài)使用頻率比英文要低得多。因此,在遇到被動語態(tài)時,應遵循漢語的習慣,如譯成被動語態(tài)不通,則譯成主動語態(tài)。
(1)保留其被動語
Goodyear,an American,had been trying for years to find a way in which rubber could be made hard,non-sticky,and yet elastic.
譯文:古德伊爾,美國人,多年來一直試圖找到一種方法能讓橡膠變得更硬、不粘黏,同時更有彈性。
(2)將被動改為主動
①翻譯成漢語的無主語,如果被動句不含by的話。
If bad weather is expected,the forecaster must be able to suggest another airport within the range of the aircraft where the weather will be suitable for landing
.譯文:如果預測到有惡劣天氣,天氣預報員必須能夠在該飛機的航程內(nèi)提出另外一個天氣條件適合降落的機場。
②將that引導的主語從句仍然譯為賓語,但要加上表泛指的詞語(如人們、大家、我們等)做主語。如:
It is hoped that…
It is reported that…
It is said that…
It is supposed that…
It must be admitted that…
It must be pointed out that…
It is asserted that…
It is believed that…
It is well known that…
It will be said that…
It will be seen from this that…
It was told that…
I was told that…
It may be said…
It may be argued that…
注意:如果被動結(jié)構(gòu)既有過去分詞又有by(或in,for)引導的介詞短語,這時將動作的發(fā)出者譯成主語。如:It is imagined by many that…
翻譯的過程一般分為閱讀理解、漢語表達和審校潤色三個階段,在做這類題目時一定要掌握學習方法、做題方法,這樣能讓你事倍功半。關(guān)于考研英語翻譯技巧就先為大家介紹到這了,后續(xù)會持續(xù)更新。